5G with a download speed of up to 20 Gigabits-per-second will speed up the response time, which is called latency, that is, when devices respond to each other via wireless network. This could be a revolution in the generation of wireless communications as it paves the way for a new generation of robots, some of which are free to control via wireless communications and utilise vast computing resources and cloud data storage. With this feature, robots can be controlled precisely dynamically in real time and connected to humans and even machines locally and globally. In short, 5G activates applications that were previously beyond the capabilities of cellular and robotic technologies. But why are so many people afraid of the fifth generation of technology and think it's a threat to human survival?

Have you ever wondered why the sky is blue? Or why objects are coloured. Why your sister's voice is thin but your brother's voice is thick. Whether it is music or colours, all of this is explained by frequency. Frequency is a characteristic of waves. In fact, all objects in this world vibrate and we are surrounded by waves. Sunlight or lights are electromagnetic waves and the sound of television is sound waves. A wave is a vibration that carries energy with it. And frequency is the number of repetitions of a wave per second and is measured in Hertz, named after the nineteenth-century German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz. Consider colours. In fact, there is no colour in this world except white light. Yes, you heard right, but this white light shines on objects at a frequency between 405 and 790 terahertz. These objects absorb part of the white light and reflect part. The reflection frequencies of light now reach your eyes, that is, they reach the receptor cells called the cone behind the eye called the retina. A signal is then sent to the brain by the optic nerve. And the brain defines the colour with the received frequency and wavelength. Now the longest wavelength appears in red, which is completely harmless to eye health. On the other hand, the shortest wavelengths appear in blue and purple, and if you are exposed to too much of these colours, it can lead to digital eye strain, retinal damage, and macular degeneration.

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Now consider the sound waves

When the speaker starts, the air molecules in front of the speaker are pushed out. Now these molecules collide with the next molecules. The next molecules also make a pulse wave to the next molecules. Now this pulse must be repeated several times to create sound. the vibration of the air molecules allows the sound to move at a speed of about 340 meters per second. This movement of molecules is called a longitudinal wave. Here the sound has 5 full circles or 5 waves in 1 second. This means that the speaker vibrated at a speed of 5 pulses per second. And this shows us the frequency of the sound. Frequency is indicated in hertz.. So we can say that this speaker produces 5 Hz sound. Now if you listen to 5 Hz you will not hear a sound. Because our ears hear frequencies between 20 and 20,000 Hz. Now, the more cycles that occur in one second, The frequency goes higher and it will reach our ears. And if we continue up to 20,000 Hz, the sound will slowly decrease. As the frequency increased, the wavelength became shorter until it went out of range of human hearing. But if you stop at the frequency of 20,000 Hz for a while and listen to the frequencies of 20,000 Hz, it will seriously damage your ear.

We now have a complete understanding of frequencies, and the first thing we need to know about 5G is that 5G waves are generated in the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is made up of different types of waves, including gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet, the light we see. Infrared, microwaves and radio waves. Each of these waves has a specific frequency and vibration and is classified according to the wavelength they have. Radio waves have the longest wavelengths that are completely harmless to human health. Therefore, these waves are used to send data. Now, the shorter wavelength is dangerous to human health, just like light waves or sound. 5G technology has a frequency between 24 and 47 GHz and a wavelength between 1 and 10 mm. 47 GHz means 47 billion waves in one second. Radio waves are divided into 9 categories, starting from a very low frequency with a frequency range of 3 kHz and a wavelength of 100 km, and ending with a very high frequency with a frequency range of 30 to 300 GHz and a wavelength of 1 mm to 1 cm. And 5G is in the “very high frequency“ category.

Now according to the diagram above, when the wavelength is less than 10 mm and the frequency is between 30 MHz and 300 GHz, the electromagnetic spectrum is microwave. Now what we know about the microwave is that the microwave is a wireless communication technology that uses high frequency radio waves to provide wireless connections at much higher speeds than radio waves that can transmit audio, video and data information. Macro cells use Memo antennas (ie, multiple inputs and multiple outputs) that have multiple elements or connections to send and receive more data simultaneously. The advantage for users is that more people can connect to the network at the same time and maintain high throughput. But the macro is blocked by the slightest obstacle due to its low wavelength, so countless antennas are installed close together in the city to deliver the Internet. Due to their short wavelength, microwaves allow satellite antennas to direct them directly to the receiving antenna. This feature allows different microwave devices to use the same frequency but never interfere with each other. Also, the electromagnetic field of microwaves gives all the positive points in one direction. But the magnetic field is reversed 4.9 billion times per second. This causes the water or food molecules that are in its path to go back and forth and try to stay balanced. This rotational motion generates heat that is used in cooking.

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But physicist Bill P. Curry spent time studying the microwave, and in 2000 he published his findings. According to him, microwaves cause severe damage to human brain tissue. He summarised his most troubling evidence in a large chart entitled "Microwave Absorption in Brain Tissue." In this chart, the line is straight at first but goes straight up as the frequency increases, indicating a dangerous level of exposure. However, his research was rejected by experts because they believe that the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation make radio waves at higher frequencies safer, not more dangerous, because when frequency is higher, the skin prevents radiation from penetrating the body. But when a person is talking, there is no protective layer or skin on the front of the mouth. And they did not mention that this radiation can not enter the body through the mouth.

However, the results of a study, as well as reports from the International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection, were published in May 2016 on the official website of the US National Library of Medicine and the US National Institutes of Health, indicating that any radio frequency higher than 3 GHz can pose serious risks to human health. The European Parliament's Research Service also published the results of a 5G study in July 2021 in an article called Health impact of 5G. According to the report, frequencies between 30 kHz and 300 GHz are dangerous to the health of not only humans but also animals. According to these experiments, animals that were exposed to these frequencies in the laboratory developed cancer.

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